制憲議会選挙2013(36)：比例制-2

５．当選者名簿の作成
比例制獲得議席数の選管発表後，各党は，拘束式候補者名簿掲載候補者の中から，「党中央執行委員会」において獲得議席数に見合う数の当選者を選考して当選者名簿を作成し，それを選管に提出する［7(7)］。

この当選者名簿が選挙令の包摂規定に適合していない場合は，３日以内に訂正し，再提出する。ただし，各社会集団につき，10%以内の過不足は認められる。しかし，それでもなお規定に適合していない場合は，選管は，その党提出当選者リストを選挙令の包摂規定に適合しているものとみなす［7(8)-(12)］。

以上が，比例制当選者の選考方法らしい。「らしい」というのは，選挙令のこの部分，つまり第7条(7)-(12)は，何回読んでもよく分からないから。ネパール法実務家であれば分かるのだろうが，私にはお手上げ。だから，上記は，たぶん，そのような意味だろうというにすぎない。もし間違っていたら，後日訂正する。

６．当選者名簿：コングレス党の場合
当選者名簿の選管提出期限は，2013年12月30日。各党とも当選者選考でもめにもめたが，たとえば大勝し第一党となったコングレス党（NC)は，下記のような当選者名簿を作成し選管に提出した。

　▼NC比例制当選者の社会集団別配分
　　獲得議席数：91［100%］
　　・女性：46［50.5%］
　　・周縁的民族／先住民族：34(女17）［37.4%］
　　・マデシ：26(女13）［28.6%］
　　・ダリット：12(女6）［13.2%］
　　・後進地域：3(女2）［2.2%］
　　・カス・アーリア他：30(女15）［33.0%］

この社会集団別割当は，後進地域はやや少ないが，それを除けば選挙令の規定にほぼ適合している。

こうした社会集団別割当，ないしクォータ制が，根深い政治的・社会的差別の是正に大きな効果を発揮することはいうまでもない。たとえば，女性50.5%やダリット13.2%などは，人民戦争以前であれば夢のような考えられない数字であろう。日本でも，女性の力を本気で活用したいのであれば，ネパールに学び，議員定数の半分を女性とすべきであろう。

しかし，その一方，ネパールの包摂的比例制には問題も多い。たとえば，NC青年指導者ガガン・タパらによると，コイララ議長とデウバ幹部は比例制議席を5:4ないし6:4で山分けする密約を結んでいたという。事実，ほぼその通り，獲得議席91がコイララ派に55，デウバ派に36配分された。また，地域的にみると，25郡がゼロであるにもかかわらず，ヤダブ大統領やB・ニディの地元ダヌサ郡８，コイララ議長地元バンケ郡５，ポウデル副議長地元タナフ郡３となっている（ekantipur & Republica, 31 Dec.2013）。

身内優遇も相変わらず。デウバ幹部の妻アルズ・ラナ・デウバやコイララ一族のスジャータ・コイララなどが比例制から選出されている。

包摂的クォータ制は，構造的差別是正に有効な反面，議員選出過程が複雑となり，それだけ不透明となりやすい。また，アイデンティティ政治の危険性もつきまとう。この点については，別に論じる。

▼コングレス党比例制候補者・当選者
（候補者名簿番号－候補者名－［当選者名簿番号］　赤字＝当選者）

1　Chitra Lekha Yadav [1]
2　Gopal Man Shrestha [2]
3　 Kul Bahadur Gurung [3]
4　Lila Koirala [4]
5　Dil Bahadur Gharti [5]
6　Narendra Bikram Nembang [6]
7　Pradeep Giri [7]
8　Gyanendra Bahadur Karki [8]
9　Minendra Prasad Rijal [9]
10 Prakash Sharan Mahat [10]
11 Man Bahadur Bishwakarma [11]
12 Sujata Koirala [12]
13 Manmohan Bhattarai [13]
14 Mahalaxmi Upadhyay Dina [14]
15 Anandaprasad Dhungana [15]
16 Suryaman Gurung [16]
17 Kamala Panta [17]
18 Ambika Basnet [18]
19 Dhanraj Gurung [19]
20 Mahendra Yadav [20]
21 Surendraraj Pandey
22 Ratna Sherchan [21]
23 Min Bahadur Bishwakarma [22]
24 Badri Prasad Pandey [23]
25 Jeevan Pariyar [24]
26 Ishwari Neupane [25]
27 Sita Gurung [26]
28 Kavita Kumari Sardar [28]
29 Minakshi Jha [28]
30 Sujata Pariyar [29]
31 Rajan Prasad Panta
32 Kumari Laxmi Rai [30]
33 Mina Subba
34 Baburam Rana
35 Chinkaji Shrestha [31]
36 Ram Chandra Pokhrel [32]
37 Sukraraj Sharma
38 Ashok Koirala [33]
39 Laxman Bahadur Basnet
40 Shivaraj Joshi
41 Jeet Bahadur Puri
42 Narayan Prasad Koirala
43 Ganesh Prasad Bimali [34]
44 Harihar Acharya (Birahi)
45 Shyam Kumar Ghimire
46 Jagadishwar Narsingh KC [35]
47 Haribol Bhattarai
48 Narayan Prasad Gaudel
49 Sunil Rana
50 Tarani Datta Chataut [36]
51 Madhu Prasad Acharya
52 Tilak Bahadur Rana Bhat
53 Rameshwor Prasad Khanal
54 Yadunath Khanal
55 Yubaraj Sharma
56 Bharat Bahadur Khadka [37]
57 Shanker Prasad Pandey
58 Krishnalal Sapkota
59 Jagannath Paudel
60 Kedarnath Koirala
61 Mohan Gyawali
62 Shankar Giri
63 Dhruba Wagle [38]
64 Chandra Bahadur KC
65 Baldev Bohara [39]
66 Mohan Raj Malla
67 Keshav Prasad Bhattarai
68 Lalit Adhikari
69 Mangal Bahadur Shahi
70 Giriraj Gautam
71 Krishna Singh Nayak
72 Sunil Kumar Bhandari
73 Narendra Bahadur Singh
74 Arjun Kumar Pokhrel
75 Dharmaraj Neupane
76 Jagat Prasad Joshi
77 Khuma Prasad Aryal
78 Rama Paudel (Guragain)
79 Krishna Kumari Paudel (Khatiwada)
80 Taradevi Bhurtel
81 Sarita Prasain [40]
82 Rukmini Devi Koirala
83 Shanta Rijal
84 Tulasa Acharya
85 Madhu Shahi Thakuri [41]
86 Kalyani Devi Rijal
87 Ambika Subedi
88 Laxmi Thapa
89 Kamala Thapa
90 Bijula Kumari Barma
91 Bishnu Devi Pudasaini
92 Dhan Kumari Khatiwada
93 Srijana Adhikari
94 Sushila Dhakal (Acharya)
95 Saroj Malla
96 Rama Aryal
97 Anita Devkota [42]
98 Kiran Koirala
99 Juna Kumari Dani
100 Rita Shahi [43]
101 Mithu Malla [44]
102 Parbati Chand
103 Leela Kumari Nepal
104 Chandra Devi Joshi [45]
105 Maina Karki
106 Dr Arzoo Rana Deuba [46]
107 Dipsikha Sharma Dhakal [47]
108 Uma Regmi
109 Dr Dila Sangraula
110 Omkala Gautam
111 Rama Koirala Poudel
112 Sheela Sharma Khadka [48]
113 Kalpana Devi Chokhal
114 Saraswoti Aryal Tiwari
115 Amrita Shahi
116 Nirmala Chhetri
117 Prasis Mahara
118 Narayani Rayamajhi
119 Urmila Nepal
120 Manju Khand
121 Parbati Devi Jaishi
122 Divyaswori Shah
123 Karobati Danuwarni
124 Ramkumari Malahin
125 Mukta Kumari Yadav [49]
126 Sangeeta Mandal Dhanuk [50]
127 Saraswoti Giri
128 Basmati Devi Giri
129 Kaushar Shah [51]
130 Anju Singh Chaudhary
131 Jamila Miya
132 Malati Devi Srivastav
133 Rashmi Thakur [52]
134 Mohammadi Siddiki
135 Lakhi Kumari Ganesh
136 Sarwat Ara Khatun Haluwaini [53]
137 Prameswori Pathak
138 Richa Dwebedi
139 Rekha Kaur Prasain
140 Saroj Kumari Yadav
141 Jibachhi Kumari Yadav
142 Mamata Srivastav
143 Laxmina Devi Rauniyar
144 Munni Kumari Gupta
145 Geeta Kumari Yadav
146 Tapeswori Devi Yadav
147 Surya Mati Upadhya
148 Fulkaliya Kurmini
149 Nagina Yadav
150 Kunti Kumari Yadav
151 Saraswoti Devi Harijan
152 Kunti Pasin
153 Mira Kumari Nepali
154 Prameela Devi Das [54]
155 Kumari Devi Musahar
156 Mohani Safi
157 Shyam Devi Pasman
158 Usha Gurung [55]
159 Krishna Amatya
160 Maji Gurung (Akala Gurung)
161 Sarita Gurung
162 Rajya Laxmi Shrestha [56]
163 Chandra Laxmi Tamrakar
164 Man Kumari Gurung
165 Saraswoti Bajimaya [57]
166 Pushpala Lama [58]
167 Dhan Kumari Thapa
168 Devaki Shrestha
169 Anu Gurung
170 Bishnu Kumari Limbu (Dahal)
171 Renuka Kaucha
172 Jeevan Dangol
173 Binda Devi Ale Rana [59]
174 Kusum Devi thapa
175 Uma Thapa
176 Deepak Roka Magar
177 Hari Prabha Khadgi
178 Hari Maya Gurung
179 Hira Gurung
180 Anjana Tamli [60]
181 Chandra Maya Limbu
182 Hema Laxmi Rai
183 Yamuna Devi Shrestha
184 Subarna Jwarchan [61]
185 Urmila Thapa
186 Anjani Shrestha [62]
187 Leela Subba
188 Lalita Kingring Magar
189 Lalitkala Gurung
190 Mahendra Kumari Limbu [63]
191 Rajani Amatya Jonchhe
192 Bijaya Shrestha KC
193 Manorama Sherchan
194 Maya Rai
195 Om Devi Malla Joshi [64]
196 Sunayana Palikhe Shrestha
197 Chiude Lama
198 Tika Kumari Budha
199 Sita Shrestha
200 Sita Kumari Rana
201 Bharati Gurung
202 Radha Ghale
203 Rekha Gurung
204 Kalpana Sop [65]
205 Bimala Nepali
206 Asha BK [66]
207 Rajan Bishwakarma
208 Kopila BK
209 Rupa BK
210 Nani Maya Neopali
211 Kopila Bohara
212 Laxmi Pariyar Sewa
213 Bishnu Maya Pariyar [67]
214 Radhika Bhujel
215 Uma Kumari Badi
216 Fulawati Rajbansi
217 Malati Devi Chaudhary
218 Namita Kumari Chaudhary
219 Pati Tharuin
220 Sabitri Devi Chaudhary [68]
221 Pampha Dhimal
222 Pepi Tharuni
223 Saraswati Chaudhary
224 Bhoteni Devi Khawas [69]
225 Laxmi Devi Bhandari [70]
226 Ganga Devi Chaudhary
227 Sundari Devi haruni
228 Dhamendra Bikram Nembang
229 Bikemndra Kumar Limbu
230 Dinesh Rai
231 Srawan Kumar Rai
232 Mohan Kumar Rai [71]
233 Pratap Singh Lama
234 Dhruva Shrestha
235 Dil Man Pakhrin [72]
236 Ourna Bahadur Tamang
237 Mohan Kumar Singh Mathema
238 Hira Lal Tandukar
239 Ananda Raj Joshi
240 Hari Prasad Shrestha
241 Pramod Kumar Shrestha
242 Raj Kumar Nakarmi
243 Dinbandhu Shrestha
244 Kalyan Kumar Gurung
245 Durga Bahadur Ranamagar
246 Amar Singh Pun [73]
247 Jhul Bahadur Aley [74]
248 Gajendra Bahadur Aley
249 Tama Bahadure Daire
250 Bhim Bahadur Dura
251 Rabindra Raj Shrestha
252 Lal Kaji Gurung
253 Dibya Mani Rajbhandari
254 Tek Prasad Gurung
255 Chandra Dwaj Gurung
256 Indra Bahadur Gurung
257 Jeevgan Prem Shrestha
258 Manohar Narayan Shrestha [75]
259 Angelu Sherpa
260 Pradip Kumar Sunuwar
261 Thal Kumar Linkha
262 Ravi Prakash Rai
263 Ganesh Bahadur Thapa (Magar)
264 Nabin CXHitrtakar
265 Raju Shrestha
266 Meena Kumari Srivastava
267 Arjun Kumar Shrestha
268 Lal Bahadur Ghale [76]
269 Buddha Lama
270 Kawel Bahadur Lama (Tamang)
271 Tsering Kapne Lama
272 Bhusandwaj Rajalwat
273 Kadga Bahadur Basyal [77]
274 Man Bahadur Nepali
275 Jayaram Tamata
276 Bijul Kumar BK Dulal
277 Lilman Damai
278 Karnabir Kami
279 Shiva Narayan Gangai
280 Ranjit Karna [78]
281 Amiya Kumar Yadav [79]
282 Bhola Pajiyar
283 Upendra Prasad Chaudhary
284 Harishanker Mishra
285 Upendra Prasad Kushwaha
286 Ram Shrestha Prasad Shah
287 Abdul Kalam Musalman
288 Lal Babu Singh Bhuinyar [80]
289 Matrika Prasad Yadav
290 Mukinath Yadav
291 Badshah Kurmi [81]
292 Abdul Hameed Siddiqui [82]
293 Rijwan Ahmed Shah
294 Dr Suresh Kumar Kanaudiya
295 Dharmendra Jha
296 Shashi Kanta Agrawal
297 Mahesh Kumar Jaju
298 Medani Mahato Dhanuk Mandal
299 Amrit Lal Rajbansi [83]
300 Ghuran Majhi
301 Birendra Kumar Majhi
302 Shanti Devi Chaudhary [84]
303 Mohan Chaudhary
304 Lahuram Tharu
305 Buddhi Sagar Chaudhary [85]
306 Smriti Narayan Chaudhary
307 Haresh Prasad Mahato [86]
308 Om Prakash Sharma
309 Narendra Prasad Mishra
310 Sheikh Rasheed Ali
311 Om Prakash
312 Kishori Shah
313 Mukhtar Ahmed [87]
314 Bhagirath Kumar Poddar
315 Rakesh Kumar Singh
316 Bashishta Narayan Prasad Kurmi
317 Basi Ullah Musalman
318 Dilli Bahadur Chaudhary [88]
319 Pyare Lal Rana [89]
320 Ramasamajha Chaudhary
321 Shyam Lal Rana Tharu
322 Bhagwati Prasad Tharu
323 Som Prasad Chaudhary
324 Ram Sundar Maharaf
325 Surya Dev Das Urao
326 Bangali Hajara Dusad
327 Maikulal Balmiki [90]
328 Sita Mijar
329 Padma Singh BK
330 Lok Bahadur Biswokarma
331 Narbhan Kami [91]
332 Bir Bahadur Sunar
333 Shambhu Hajara Dusad
334 Dharmandra Paswan
335 Ram Baran Paswan

谷川昌幸(C)